Placental Disorders

Illustration comparing a normal placental location, with the cervix unobstructed, to placenta praevia, where the placenta covers the cervix.

Placenta Praevia

Illustration comparing revealed and concealed placental abruption, showing the placenta separated from the uterus and blood either visible externally or concealed behind the placenta.

Placental Abruption

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Diagram showing a patient’s legs hyperflexed toward the abdomen during the McRoberts manoeuvre, with arrows indicating the movement.
Obstetric Emergencies

Shoulder Dystocia

by Leena Khan

Vaginal and Vulval Disorders

Lichen Sclerosus

by Oliver Jones

Microscopic image showing a layer of normal columnar cervical epithelium overlying loose connective tissue.
Cervical Disorders

Cervical Polyps

by Oliver Jones